Calculating Cerebral Perfusion Pressure: Explained
What is cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)? Cerebral Perfusion Pressure is the pressure required to move sufficient amounts of blood to…
Cardiac Monitoring
Introduction Cardiac Monitoring: A cardiac monitor is a bedside observation/diagnostic tool that allows continuous electrocardiogram (ECG),…
Administration of Cardiac Medications
Introduction Cardiac medications are lifesaving drugs, to maintain daily health and tackle life-threatening conditions. Nurses play a major…
Care of Patient with Pacemaker
Definition Pacemaker is an electric device which regulates the heartbeat by generating electrical signals or pacing pulses through the leads…
Basics of Increased Intracranial Pressure: Explained
What is increased intracranial pressure? Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) happens when there’s a rise in the pressure within your cranial…
Calculating Heart Rate on an ECG: Explained
Calculating rate There are three main methods of calculating Heart rate on an ECG. There is no specific best method, and preference varies…
How to Calculate the A-a Gradient
The A-a gradient (Alveolar-arterial gradient) is a measure of the difference between the oxygen concentration in the alveoli (PAO₂) and the…
Setting Up of Ventilator Modes and Settings and Care of Patient on Ventilator
Introduction Ventilator modes are tailored to a Patients weight, lung mechanics, and clinical condition. These modes determine how breaths are…
Cardioversion
Cardioversion is a medical procedure used to restore a normal heart rhythm in patients experiencing certain types of arrhythmias, such as…
Changing the Central Venous Catheter Tubing
Definition Central venous catheter tubing is changed frequently to ensure minimal risk of infection. The frequency of change…
Care of Patient with a Chest Tube Inserted in Thoracic Cavity
Definition A chest tube is inserted in thoracic cavity to maintain respiratory function and hemodynamic stability of a patient. Indications…
Assisting with insertion of Central Venous catheter
Definition It refers to insertion of a central venous catheter (IV catheter designed for the purpose) into a large central vein with the…
Flushing a central venous catheter
Flushing a central venous catheter (CVC) is a critical nursing procedure that maintains catheter patency, prevents clot formation, and reduces…
Measuring Central Venous Pressure
Definition Central venous pressure (CVP) is a measure of the pressure within the right atrium of the heart. CVP can be measured using a…
Changing Dressing at Central Venous Catheter Insertion site
Definition Changing the dressing at a central venous catheter (CVC) insertion site is a high-stakes, sterile procedure that helps prevent…
Assisting with Tracheostomy
Assisting with a tracheostomy—the surgical creation of an opening in the trachea to insert a breathing tube—is a critical nursing…
Providing Tracheostomy care
Definition Tracheostomy care includes changing a tracheostomy inner tube, cleaning tracheostomy site, and changing dressing around the site.…
Assisting with Insertion of Sengstaken-Blakemore Tube/ Balloon Tamponade
Definition It refers to assisting in the insertion of Sengstaken-Blakemore tube or Minnesota balloon which exerts pressure directly on…
Preparation of Patient and Assisting with pacemaker Implantation
Definition A pacemaker is an electronic device that provides repetitive electrical stimuli to heart muscles when the patient’s intrinsic…
Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring
Definition Direct arterial blood pressure monitoring is a method by which arterial blood pressure is monitored by inserting a needle cannula…
Assisting with Endotracheal Tube Intubation and Extubation
Introduction Endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation is a critical, often life-saving procedure used to secure a patient’s airway and ensure…