Mast cell stabilizers are anti-allergic agents that prevent mast cell degranulation and the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators, commonly used to manage asthma, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and mastocytosis.
Name of the Mast cell Stabilizer Drugs
- Sodium cromoglycate
- Ketotifen
| Sodium cromoglycate |
| Availability: Nasal solution: 40 mg/ml (5.2 mg/ spray) in 13-ml container (100 sprays) or 26-ml container (200 sprays) Ophthalmic solution: 4% Oral solution: 100 mg/5 ml Solution for nebulization: 10 mg/ml |
| Administration and handling: Adults and children ages 13 and older: 200 mg P.O. q.i.d. Children ages 2 to 12: 100 mg P.O. q.i.d Adults and children ages 2 and older: Spray once into each nostril. Adults and children ages 2 and older: 20 mg q.i.d. via nebulization Administration ● Administer oral form 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. ● Before using nasal spray, have patient clear nasal passages by blowing nose. ● Don’t expose solutions to direct sunlight. |
| Mechanism of action : Inhibits release of histamine and reacting substances of anaphylaxis from mast cells, stabilizing the cell membrane and reducing the allergic response and inflammatory reaction |
| Indications : Mastocytosis, Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis ,To prevent and relieve nasal symptoms of hay fever and other nasal allergies |
| Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to drug ● Status asthmaticus |
| Precautions: renal or hepatic impairment, acute bronchospasm attacks ● pregnant or breastfeeding patients ● children younger than age 5. |
| Ketotifen |
| Availability: Drug –Eluting contact lens 19mcg/lens |
| Administration and handling: Adults and children 3 years of age and older 1 milligram (mg) (1 tablet or 5 milliliters [mL] of syrup) twice daily, Infants and children from 6 months to 3 years of age 0.25 mL (50 mcg or 0.05 mg) of syrup per kilogram (kg) (110 micrograms [mcg] or 0.110 mg per pound) of body weight twice daily, |
| Mechanism of action : inhibiting the effects of endogenous substances known to be inflammatory mediators |
| Indications : chronic treatment of mild atopic asthma in children, allergic conjunctivitis. |
| Contraindications : Acute porphyrias , Epilepsy, Pyloroduodenal obstruction ,Urinary retention |
| Precautions: Allergies |
REFERENCES
- Robert Kizior, Keith Hodgson, Saunders Nursing Drug handbook,1st edition 2024, Elsevier Publications. ISBN-9780443116070
- McGraw Hill- Drug Handbook, Seventh Edition, 2013, McGraw Hill Education Publications,9780071799430.
- April Hazard, Cynthia Sanoski, Davi’s Drug Guide for Nurses -Sixteenth Edition 2019, FA Davis Company Publications,9780803669451.
- Jones and Bartlet, Pharmacology for Nurses, Second Edition, 2020, Jones and Bartlet Learning Publications, ISBN 9781284141986.
- Nursebro.com, Search – Nursebro
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