Definition
A cardiac bed is used to help the patient to assume a sitting position, which can afford him greatest amount of comfort with least strain.
Preparing a cardiac bed is a specialized nursing procedure designed to support patients with heart conditions or dyspnea by promoting a semi-upright position that eases breathing and reduces cardiac workload.
Purposes
- To relieve dyspnea caused by cardiac diseases.
- To provide comfort with least strain.
- To reduce workload of heart in cardiac diseases
- Facilitate monitoring and emergency access
- Promote comfort and rest in a semi-Fowler’s or upright position
Articles
- Bed sheets.
- Mackintosh
- Draw sheet
- Blanket
- Dusters-2
- Basis with disinfectant solution (1:20 Savion)
- Laundry bag
- Pillow(additional)
- Pillows.
- Cardiac table
- Foot rest.
Procedure
| Nursing action | Rationale | |
| 1 | Before procedure Explain to patient what will be done and how it would help him | |
| 2 | Collect articles, fold and arrange the linen on the stool in the order of use. | Arranging linen in the order of use aids for smooth functioning |
| 3 | Prepare the bed as an open bed | |
| 4 | Place back rest at patient’s back and arrange pillows. | Supports the patient’s back and provides comfortable position to the patient |
| 5 | Assist patient to assume comfortable position in bed and cover him properly. | Provides warmth to the patient. |
| 6 | Place a pillow under the knees. | Prevents slipping of the patient |
| 7 | Arrange pillows on either side of the patient below both the arms. | Supports the arms |
| 8 | Place the cardiac table in front of the patient. | Helps patient to lean forward |
| 9 | Ensure that patient is sitting comfortably in the new position. | |
| 10 | Record the observation made on the patient in the nurses’ notes | Promotes communication among staff |
Special Considerations
- Monitor for orthopnea, fatigue, or hypotension
- Avoid over-flexion of hips or neck
- Ensure IV lines, oxygen tubing, and ECG leads are secure and unobstructed
- Reassess vital signs and comfort frequently
Advanced Special Considerations for Cardiac Bed Preparation
| Aspect | Consideration |
|---|---|
| Patient-Specific Positioning | Customize the angle of elevation (typically 45–60°) based on the patient’s tolerance and physician’s orders. |
| Cardiac Monitoring Access | Ensure ECG leads, defibrillator pads, and telemetry units are easily accessible and not obstructed by pillows or linens. |
| Emergency Readiness | Keep emergency equipment (e.g., oxygen, suction, crash cart) nearby and functional. |
| Thermal Comfort | Use lightweight blankets to avoid overheating, which can increase cardiac workload. |
| Psychological Support | Provide reassurance and reduce environmental stress—cardiac patients may experience anxiety or panic. |
| Fall Risk Management | Ensure side rails are up and call bell is within reach—orthopnea or dizziness may increase fall risk. |
| Fluid Restriction Tools | If on fluid restriction, place a fluid intake chart or visual cue near the bed. |
| Documentation & Communication | Clearly label the bed as “Cardiac Bed” and communicate setup details during handover. |
REFERENCES
- Annamma Jacob, Rekha, Jhadav Sonali Tarachand: Clinical Nursing Procedures: The Art of Nursing Practice, 5th Edition, March 2023, Jaypee Publishers, ISBN-13: 978-9356961845 ISBN-10: 9356961840
- Omayalachi CON, Manual of Nursing Procedures and Practice, Vol 1, 3 Edition 2023, Published by Wolters Kluwer’s, ISBN: 978-9393553294
- Sandra Nettina, Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice, 11th Edition, January 2019, Published by Wolters Kluwer’s, ISBN-13:978-9388313285
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