Name of the Keratolytics and Anti- Psoriasis Drugs
- Resorcinol
- Salicylic acid
| Resorcinol |
| Availability: Topical,2%/4%,2%/5%,2%/8% |
| Indication & dosage Acne: Adult: In combination with sulfur and chloroxylenol as 1.25% |
| Mechanism of Action Resorcinol and sulfur are keratolytic agents |
| Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Existing skin rash or irritation |
| Metabolism & Elimination: metabolite of resorcinol found in the urine was its glucuronide half-life of about 14 hours |
| Precautions: External use only Discontinue if excessive skin irritation develops |
| Adverse Reactions Local irritation, skin sensation, hyperpigmentation, in patient with dark skin; darkening of light –colored hair Potentially fatal: systemic effects and convulsions |
Patient teaching
- It is very important that you use this medicine only as directed. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of resorcinol poisoning.
- Apply enough resorcinol to cover the affected areas and rub in gently.
- Immediately after using this medicine, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.
- Keep this medicine away from the eyes. If you should accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water.
| Salicylic acid |
| Availability: topical liquid,0.5%,1%,2%,3%,6%,12.6%,13.6%,16.7%,17%,17.6%,26%,27.5% Gel,2%,6%,17% Lotion,3%,6% Cream 2%,6% Aerosol/foam,6% Soap 2%,3% strips 40% pad 40% disk 40% plaster 40% patch15%,40% |
| Indication & dosage •Treatment of mild to moderate pain, fever, numerous inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis). •Mesalamine and balsalazide are indicated for ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel conditions in adults. •Sodium thiosalicylate is used in treatment of arthritis and muscular pain. |
| Mechanism of Action: Dissolves the intracellular cement that causes the hyperkeratotic tissue to swell, macerate, soften, and desquamate |
| Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Prolonged use or application to large areas (risk for salicylism), Children < 2 years |
| Metabolism & Elimination: Absorption: None with normal percutaneous use Peak plasma time: Within 5 hours with occlusion is used |
| Administration Apply the medicine one drop at a time to completely cover each wart, corn, or callus. Let dry. For warts—Repeat one or two times a day as needed for up to 12 weeks, |
Precautions:
- External topical use only
- Avoid contact with eyes
- Caution in infants, diabetics, or those with impaired circulation (diabetes)
- Prolonged use over large areas, especially in children and those patients with significant renal or hepatic impairment, could result in salicylism
- Avoid concomitant use of other drugs which may contribute to elevated serum salicylate levels when the potential for toxicity is present
- In children <12 years and patients with renal or hepatic impairment, area to be treated should be limited and patient monitored closely for signs of salicylate toxicity, including nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of hearing, tinnitus, lethargy, hyperpnea, diarrhoea, and psychic disturbances
Nursing consideration
- Assess for contraindications or cautions (e.g., history of allergy to salicylate and tartrazine, renal disease, bleeding disorders, pregnancy and lactation, etc.) to avoid adverse effects.
- Establish baseline physical assessment to monitor for any potential adverse effects.
- Assess for presence of skin lesions to monitor for dermatological effects.
- Monitor temperature to evaluate drug’s effectiveness in lowering temperature.
- Evaluate CNS status to assess CNS effects of the drug.
- Monitor pulse, blood pressure, and perfusion to assess for bleeding effects or cardiovascular effects of the drug.
- Evaluate respirations and adventitious sounds to detect hypersensitivity reactions.
- Perform a liver evaluation and monitor bowel sounds to detect hypersensitivity reactions, bleeding, and GI effects of the drug.
- Monitor laboratory tests for CBC, liver and renal functions tests, urinalysis, stool guaiac, and clotting times to detect bleeding or other adverse effects of the drug and changes in function that could interfere with drug metabolism and excretion.
REFERENCES
- Robert Kizior, Keith Hodgson, Saunders Nursing Drug handbook,1st edition 2024, Elsevier Publications. ISBN-9780443116070
- McGraw Hill- Drug Handbook, Seventh Edition, 2013, McGraw Hill Education Publications,9780071799430.
- April Hazard, Cynthia Sanoski, Davi’s Drug Guide for Nurses -Sixteenth Edition 2019, FA Davis Company Publications,9780803669451.
- Jones and Bartlet, Pharmacology for Nurses, Second Edition, 2020, Jones and Bartlet Learning Publications, ISBN 9781284141986.
- Nursebro.com, Search – Nursebro
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